Preselecting gear change



sePt- 23, 1943 l `H..HA.u'rsc|-| y 2,330,530

PRESELECT ING GEAR CHANGE lll Illll /n ven for ywm caw.

r Attorneys alumna v Sept. 28, 1943. H. HAUTscH 2,330,580

PRESELECTING GEAR CHANGE Filed 4April 5, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 A tomeysSept. 28, 1943.` H. HAUTscH PRESELECTING GEAR CHANGE Filed April 5, 19403 Sheets-Sheet 5 fw H 5 w J// Attorneys Patented sept. ze, 1943UNiTEDsTATEs PRESELECTING GEAR CHANGE Hans Hautsch, Meuselwitz, Thur,Germany;

vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application April 3, 1940, serialNo. 327,675' In Germany April ,29,A 1939A 12 Claims.

For gear changing on machine tools, particularly centre lathes andturret lathes, preselecting systems have been proposed that permit achange of gear to be selected during operation, besides the usual singleand multiple lever control systems that are operated whilst the machineisstationary. These well known constructions which, as a rule, areeither hydraulically or electrically operated are necessarily of acomplicated nature and have the `disadvantage that an operator cannotexecute requisite changes from his working position, simultaneouslykeeping the-workpiece unmoment to bring it into action from his workingposition, e. g. from thelathe saddle and by means of the same lever thatservesI to start and stop the machine and to provide for right and lefthand drive.

More in detail, the inventive preselecting gear change is characterizedby three elements, firstly by a slidable and rotatable camshaft locatedin the machine head stock, for example, its separate cams adjoiningcorresponding feed rods that operate the movable change Wheels;.secondly by a mechanical preselector which when displacing the camshaftdisconnected with the feed rods,A effects the association of certaincams With certain feed rods, and thirdly by a control mechanism whichenables a swivelling of the camshaft and, thus, a cooperation of theselected cam with its adjoining feed rod., Y i

. Vlf for'example to slide the camshaft, a selector disc is chosen whichthrough a controlling spindle and a pinion drive, a worm or the likeactuates the camshaft, and if the latter is swivelled by means of acontrolling lever, fitted to the saddleand connected to the camshaft bymeans of intermediate shafts, the operator has .to manipulate only twoandl itsV swivel motion shifts sraid; assembly.onl

devices that are situated distinctly and can under `with its-acompanyingparts;l

`rangement.. i .l

Fig. 10 is a face view of aV coupling and brake invention afpractical`.ezcample is shown inthe` accompanying drawings., Y Fig. 1 is aschematic-,view of a lathe fitted with the arrangement according to theinvention. y

Fig. 2'is a schematic vdiagram from which the functioning- .1 of themostimportantparts of the preselector system 'may'be seen.

Fig. Sis a plan view, and

Fig. 4 is a sideelevationshowing thecamshaft Fig. 5 shows a sideelevation. ofthe camshaft and a push rod.

l Fig. 6 shows one type ofpush rod end.

Fig. '7 is a side elevation, and

Fig. 8 a plan of the connection betweenselector disc and camshaft. A

Fig. 9 shows a section through operating cam; and

Figs. 11 and `12 are similar to 6 andillustrate other types of push rodends.

In Fig. 1 camshaft I'5 is shown located in head stock I6 of latheIl',andisprovided to set, in a c` Y cordance with this. invention, differentgear` ratios.

It can be slid to and 4frob'yselector discv 20,"and

rotated by operating lever 2 2 'fitted to lathe saddle 2I throughintermediate shafts 23 and 24. f

,To enable these operations to be lmore clearly understood Fig. 2 showsadiagram of operation. y

On the left hand end of camshaft I5 a fork 26`in conjunction withtoothed rack 21 is actuated by means of selector disc 20. so'that it andalso ythe camshaftI can be slid to` left and right; .this iis ,shown indetail in Figs. 7 and 8. O'n the right .hand endof camshaft I5, a' bevelWheel vallfis fitted, which is turned by 1ever' 22 through shafts24`and23. .f

Adjoiningthe' cams o-n shaft I5, pushrods are arranged as willbeexplainedinthe following If for example, through turning selector disc2ll`c`am 3| is brought under push rod 32, and is swivelled f and withits lcgev'elled` face throws the angle lever 3 6 (or alshifter forli orsimilar elementi..l The sired ratio of transmission may be obtained.r"At the same time vit will be seen from-Fig. ,2,thatif for'example thecams on shaft I5 areturned90 counterclockwise and donot come into,Contact Witnpush massa. a ceiinitecan can' be agijpined anauxiliary arg"to peate'sevai J sliding gear assemblies through a system of swivel t'levers,-push rods and cams,-iriorderthatthey deto a definite push rod,and, thus, a determined ratio can be prepared without difficulty whilstthe other assembly remains still in gear. It will be understood thatwhen the new assembly is shifted into engagement by rotation of the camshaft, the existing assembly will simultaneously be disengaged, thepreparation of the new assembly causing one of the camsfto be positionedbeneath a push rod 32 which is adapted to disengage the existingassembly upon rotation of the cam.

From the constructive example according to Figs. 3 and 4, it will benoted that the camshaft is made up of a sleeve 4| carrying cams 40 andsliding on shaft 42, on which it may be shiftedby means of slot andfeather key 94 without revolving relative to the shaft. A

Now in order to shift sleeve 4| thereby bringing a certain cam 40 undera definite push rod, a selector disc 45 adjustable to the separatestages and held by means of ball-bearing stops 48 is fitted to headstock I6 on shaft 4l, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The opposite end ofthis shaft is fitted with-pinion 48 meshing with toothed lrack 4810isleeve carrying operating fork 58. Fig. 8 shows how operating lever 50engages in a corresponding fork slot or groove 55 on sleeve 4|.

If the selector disc 45 be turned a distance regulated by gures ormarks, sleeve 5| is shifted accordingly, and with it4 sleeve 4| is movedaxially.

The shifting of sleeve lll, and the arranging of cams, is chosen so thatby each adjusting stage of selector disc 45 a definite cam 40 is broughtunder in Fig. 9, as a part of a 12-stage-assembly. Starting from thefundamental position on the left it follows that with a definite axialmovement of the camshaft push rod 32a works together with cam 45a,whilst this same cam in the next stage works with push rod 3217, and ina further stage becomes non-operative; but push rod 32o contacts withcam 40h; and with every` movement of the camshaft new cams and push rodsengage with each other.

Manipulation of control lever 22, in addition to i swivelin'g the camshaft, may also be employed to a push rod, the latter being described inthe fol- I lowing.

From Figs. 4 and 5 it will be seen, that push rod 32 consists of a ram,its lower endhaving roller 58 set in, its upper end being tted with abevelled face 57, which as shown in Fig. 6, may be a right hand bevel59, or as shown in Fig. lil. a left 'hand bevel 58, or as shown in Fig.12 a taper slot y6|), depending upon the direction in which force is vtobe effected. This force, as shown in Fig. 2 is exercised upon an anglelever 3S, whose onearm G5 carries roller 66 (see also Figs. 4 and 5)whilst' the other-arm engages by means of slide block 61 or similarelement, into a guide slot of its respective sliding gear assembly 31,two of which 'are shown lin Fig. 3, namely one with two gear "wheels 89and 18, the other one with' three Wheels 1h12, 13. I "jIf angle lever 35is swivelled about its pivot spindle l5, gear assembly 3'| which slidesby slot and feather key on shaft 38 must shift axially correspondinglywith the swivelling; ,if for ex@ ample `the gear assembly 31 with wheelsB9 and i0 is operated by a leftV hand push rod 58 and a right hand pushrod 59, it is possible to mesh either'gear 69 or 10 with its respective`mating gear according to which push rod lifts, whilst in the left handexample of Fig. 3, three push rod has been pushed under the desired pushrod, an

upward swivelling of the cam (into the position shown in Fig; 5) liftsthe push rod as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and brings about required ratioof transmission.

The 4 method ofselecting cams and push rods' "i is to'be seen from 'theplan of lconnectionshown eect additional functions which will bedescribed with reference to Fig. 9. As there shown, a pair of couplings89 and 90 are interposed between a `drive shaft 88 and a driven shaft91, for effecting right and left hand machine drive, the couplings beingcontrolled by a connecting rod 88 which extends through shaft 91. Whenrod 88 is moved 4fullyto the left, coupling 89' may be engaged andcoupling S8 disengaged, causing the shaft 91 to be driven in onedirection, and when rod 88 is moved fully to the right, coupling 89 maybe disengaged and coupling 90 engaged, causing the shaft Bl to be drivenin the opposite direction. When rod 88 is in an intermediate position,both couplings may be disengaged, and means are provided for braking theshaft at this time.

The braking means may comprise a cam 9| movable with rcd 88 andoperating a lever 92 to apply brake 93 whose movable elements arecarried by shaft 81. Connected to rod 88 and cam 9| is shift rod S5having projecting therefrom a pin 84 provided with a block or roller 83slidable in curved cam slot 82 in a disc 8| which may be secured to theinteimediate shaft 24.

In the position shown in Fig. 9, wherein brake 93 is applied, thecouplings 88, 98 are disengaged or opened;..tuirningshaft 2i! in onedirection will shift rods 85 and 88 tothe left, engaging or closingclutch 89, while turning the shaft in the opposite direction will shiftrods 85 and 88 to the `right, engagingV or closing clutch 98. Thecontour of the curved slot 82 is shown in Fig. 10, on which areindicated by broken lines the relative positions of the roller 83 in theslot in which the several control functions occur, it being understoodthat the brake'QS will be applied between the positions designatedBraked running left and Braked running right,

The cam disc 8|, or other control device, is so related to the cam shaft4| that when the lever 22 is moved from either normal operatingposition, i. e., either the position wherein coupling 89 is engaged orthat in which coupling 90 is engaged, so that the machine is operating,the coupling is rst disengaged, then brake 83 is applied, and finallythe cam shaft is brought to its fully operatedpcsition as in Fig. 5. Inthis position the gear changewheels will have been moved to the selectedposition. Now upon movement of the lever 22 to either normal operatingposition the brake 93 will be released and then the coupling will beengaged.

. As illustrating a typical operatingsequence, we will start with aposition wherein gear I2 of cluster.'||.,.12,' 'i3 is in mesh and thegear 69 of gears 69, 1U is inrnesh (see Fig. 3), and the drive isthrough couplingV 89. Assuming that the drive is desired to be reversed,through coupling 90, and "gear i3 is to be meshed instead of gear l2with a lgear (not shown). and gear 'lo instead `of gear 69 is to bemeshed with a gear (not shown), and further assuming that such meshingof gears can be accomplished by sliding cluster '|2, '|3 to the left andby sliding cluster 69, '|9 to the right from the position shown, theoperation will be as follows.:

First the cam shaft Will be shifted, by turning disc 29 to bring a cam3| under the push rod having bevel 58 and simultaneously bring anothercam 3| under the push rod having bevel 59 at the right end of Fig. 3.The handle 22 is now swung to the left. During this movement, as itapproaches the position shown in Fig. 2, the coupling 99 will i-lrst bedisengaged and brake 93 applied, stopping the drive. As the drive isstopped cams 3| will be swung to the upright position raising the aboveindicated push rods, swinging the left arm 36 to move cluster 1|, '|2,'|3 to the left, thereby moving gear '|2 out of mesh and moving gear '|3into meshing engagement; and simultaneously swinging to the right thearm 36 which shifts cluster 69, 19, moving the latter into a positionwherein gear 19 is engaged. Continued movement of the handle 22 to theleft of the position shown in Fig. 2 will now rotate the cams 3| out ofthe engagement with the push rods, so that they are free to be shiftedaxially for the next gear change operation; the brake 93 will bereleased, and the coupling 99 connected, producing the assumed desiredcondition.

If the gears are to be restored to the assumed starting position, thedisc 29 is turned to bring cams of the cam shaft under the push rodhaving bevel 69 at the left of Fig. 3 and under the rod having bevel 53at the right of the View. Now if the handle Z2 is swung to the right, inFig. 2, the drive will be disrupted, the gear clusters will be shiftedto disengage gears '|3 and 10 and to engage gears 'l2 and 69, andfinally the drive through the coupling 89 and gears T2 and 69 will beconsummated.

It will be understood that the structure herein specifically shown anddescribed is merely illustrative of one embodiment of the invention, and

that the invention may be otherwise embodiedv without departing from thespirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination with a preselecting gear change for transmission andfeed speeds on machine tools, in particular centre and turret lathes, aslidable and rotatable shaft device 4|, 42 and a series of cams 49 borneby a portion thereof, feed members 32 adapted to actuate slidable gearchange wheels 3l, a mechanical selector 45 provided to associatedefinite cams to definite feedl members by sliding the cam bearingportion of said shaft device independently of said feed members, and acontrol device 22 adapted to rotate the shaft device and thereby tooperate a selected feed member by the respective cam.

2. In an arrangement as set forth in claim 1, said shaft devicecomprising a cam-carrying sieeve 4|, and a shaft 42 slidably, but notrotatably supporting said sleeve.

3. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1 a selector disc 45, means for adjustably holding said disc in separatepositions, and a controlling rod 41 connected to the disc and mounting agear48, 49, said gear being arranged to engage the cam bearing portionof the shaft devicefor effecting a selective movement thereof.`

4. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, a selector disc 45 arranged on the front of the machine head stockI9, ball stops 46 for adjustably holding said disc in separatepositions, a controlling rod 41 connected to said disc and mounting arack and pinion gear 48, 49, and a shifter fork 59 connecting said gear48, 49 and the cam bearing portion of the shaft device for effecting aselective movement thereof.

5. In combination with a preselecting gearA change as set forth in claim1, a control lever 22 adapted to swivel the shaft device, andintermediate shafts 23, 24 interconnecting saidlever and said shaftdevice 42.

6. In an arrangement as set forth in claim 1, said feed membersconsisting of push rods 32.

7. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, tiltable angle' levers 36 inserted between said feed members 32 andsaid gear change wheels 31.

8. In an arrangement as set forth in claim 1, said feed membersconsisting of push rods 32, provided with right or left hand bevel ortaper slotted heads 58, 59, 69 respectively adapted to effect right orleft hand or neutral position of said gear change Wheels 31. y

9. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, tiltable angle levers 36 inserted between said feed members 32 andsaid change Wheels 31, and stops 'Il adapted to adjust the angle leversin their respective positions.

10. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, a control lever22 adapted to swivel the shaft device, intermediateshafts 23, 24 interconnecting said lever and said shaft device 42, adouble coupling 89, 99 for right and left hand transmission of themachine, a

control mechanism 8| arranged on one of said intermediate shafts, andoperating means inserted between the control mechanism and the doublecoupling.

11. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, a control lever 22 adapted to swivel the shaft device, intermediateshafts 23, 24 interconnecting `,said lever and said shaft device 42, adouble coupling 89, 99 for right and left hand transmission of themachine, a

cam disc 8| arranged on one of said intermediate shafts, a shift rodoperatively connecting said cam disc and said double coupling, a cam 9|provided on the shift rod, a transmission brake 92, 93 for said gearchange, said cam 9| being adapted to apply said brake 92, 93 when saidcam disc is rotated into a predetermined position.

12. In combination with a preselecting gear change as set forth in claim1, a control lever 22 adapted to swivel the shaft device, intermediateshafts 23, 24 interconnecting said lever and said shaft device 42, adouble coupling 89, 99 for right and left hand transmission of themachine, a cam disc 9| arranged on one of said intermediate shafts, ashift rod 85 operatively connecting said cam disc and said doublecoupling, a cam 9| provided on the shift rod, a transmission brake 92,93 for said gear change, said cam 9| being adapted to apply said brake92, 93 upon rotation of said cam disc, said cam being arranged in such away that when the control lever 22 is moved inone direction to initiallyopen a first transmission coupling, there follows an operation of meansto apply the transmission brake 93, and connect a second transmissioncoupling in sequence, and when said lever 22 is moved in the oppositedirection there follows an operation of means to open the secondtransmission coupling, apply the transmission brake and then couple thefirst transmission. HANS HAUTSCH.

